Research Case: Why Did the Soldiers Fight for Free Rome, Not for the State as a Form?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 3 1. Research Question Why did the soldiers fight for free Rome, not for the state as a form? This question examines a key point in Livy’s History of Rome from its Foundation, Book 3. Under the tyranny of the decemvirate, the Roman army lost … Read more

Research Case: Why Did the Soldiers Lose Their Will to Fight under the Command of the Decemvirs?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 3 1. Research Question Why did the soldiers lose their will to fight under the command of the decemvirs? This question examines why the tyranny of the decemvirate appeared as a decline in the fighting spirit of the Roman army in Livy’s History of Rome … Read more

Research Case: Why Did the Roman Army Recover Its Power to Fight after Liberty Was Restored?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 3 ting spirit. After the decemvirs resigned, the tribunes were restored, the right of appeal returned, plebeian resolutions were strengthened, and further revenge was restrained. Then the Roman army recovered its ability to fight. This change cannot be explained only by military technique. This article … Read more

Research Case: Is It Good or Bad When the Senate, as the Approval Function of the State, Is Pressured by the Number of the People?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 3 1. Research Question Is it good or bad when the Senate, as the approval function of the state, is pressured by the number of the people? This question examines a critical scene in Livy’s History of Rome from its Foundation, Book 3. After the … Read more

Research Case: Why Did the Binding Force of Plebeian Resolutions on Patricians Become a Major Legal Issue?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 3 1. Research Question Why did it become a major legal issue whether plebeian resolutions could bind patricians? This question examines the meaning of plebeian resolutions in Livy’s History of Rome from its Foundation, Book 3. After the fall of the decemvirate, Rome strengthened three … Read more

Research Case: Why Did the Valerio-Horatian Laws Become the Institutional Foundation for the Recovery of Liberty?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 3 1. Research Question Why did the Valerio-Horatian Laws become the institutional foundation for the recovery of liberty? This question examines the meaning of the Valerio-Horatian Laws in Livy’s History of Rome from its Foundation, Book 3. After the fall of the decemvirate, Rome did … Read more

Research Case: Why Did the Senate Accept the Resignation of the Decemvirs and the Election of the Tribunes of the Plebs?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 3 1. Research Question Why did the Senate accept the resignation of the decemvirs and the election of the tribunes of the plebs? This question examines a critical moment in Livy’s History of Rome from its Foundation, Book 3. At first, the decemvirate was created … Read more

Research Case: Why Does a Gentle Leader Become an Object of Distrust among the Plebeians When He Avoids Institutional Decisions?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 2 1. Question Why does a gentle leader become an object of distrust among the plebeians when he avoids institutional decisions? In Livy’s History of Rome, Book 2, early Republican Rome faces serious problems over debt, military service, and the protection of the plebeians. In … Read more

Research Case: Why Is It More Stable to Bring Public Dissatisfaction Back into Order through Persuasion Concession and Institutionalization than through Forceful Suppression?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 2 1. Question Why is it more stable to bring public dissatisfaction back into order through persuasion, concession, and institutionalization than through forceful suppression? In Livy’s History of Rome, Book 2, the conflict between the patricians and the plebeians deepens in early Republican Rome. The … Read more

Research Case: Why Did Rome Return to Internal Conflict over Debt Military Service and Land after the External Enemy Disappeared?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 2 1. Question Why did Rome return to internal conflict over debt, military service, and land after the external enemy disappeared? In Livy’s History of Rome, Book 2, Rome expels the kings and forms the Republic. After that, Rome repeatedly faces external invasions and internal … Read more