Research Case: Why Did the Roman Senate Initially Refuse Capua’s Request for Aid?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 7 1. Question In Livy’s History of Rome from its Foundation, Book VII, Capua fell into a serious military crisis and asked Rome for help. The Capuan envoys had strong arguments. Capua possessed: They also warned that if Rome refused assistance, Capua might fall under … Read more

Research Case: Why Did Capua’s Surrender Expand Rome’s Protection Responsibility and the Scope of War?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 7 1. Question In Livy’s History of Rome from its Foundation, Book VII, Capua came under severe pressure from the Samnites and asked Rome for military help. Rome initially refused. The reason was that Rome already had a friendly relationship and alliance with the Samnites. … Read more

Research Case: Why Did the Debt Problem Reappear as a Background Factor in the Military Revolt Even after Relief Measures?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 7 1. Question In Livy’s History of Rome from its Foundation, Book VII, Rome repeatedly introduced measures to reduce plebeian debt. These included: These measures were substantial. Yet later in Book VII, debt appeared again as one of the background factors in the revolt of … Read more

Research Case: Why Did Rome Combine Public Asset Valuation and Treasury Advances without Denying the Rights of Creditors?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 7 1. Question In Livy’s History of Rome from its Foundation, Book VII, Rome responded to the debt crisis through the board of five, the mensarii. The solution was not full cancellation of debt. It was also not unrestricted forced collection by creditors. Instead, Rome … Read more

Research Case: Why Did Rome Establish a Board of Five and Advance Debt Payments from the Treasury?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 7 1. Question In Livy’s History of Rome from its Foundation, Book VII, the debt crisis had become too serious to remain a matter between individual creditors and debtors. In Chapter 21, Rome established a board of five officials, the mensarii, to deal with the … Read more

Research Case: Why Did Debt Burdens Weaken Plebeian Political Participation and Interest in Sharing Public Office?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 7 1. Question In Livy’s History of Rome from its Foundation, Book VII, plebeians had long demanded greater access to political authority. The Licinian law opened a path for plebeians to enter the consulship. Plebeians also gradually gained access to other senior offices. However, Chapter … Read more

Research Case: Why Did Lower Interest Rates Fail to End Plebeian Hardship?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 7 1. Question In Livy’s History of Rome from its Foundation, Book VII, Rome introduced measures to reduce the burden of debt on the plebeians. In Chapter 16, the tribunes Marcus Duilius and Lucius Menenius passed a measure that limited the rate of interest to … Read more

Research Case: Why Did the Debt Problem Change from a Private Contract Issue into a State Problem That Affected Republican Integration and Military Mobilization?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 7 1. Question In Livy’s History of Rome from its Foundation, Book VII, debt repeatedly appears as a major political issue. At first, debt seems to belong to private law. It concerns questions such as: However, in Book VII, debt becomes connected to a much … Read more

Research Case: How Can We Judge Whether Emergency Power Is a Legitimate Crisis Response or an Exercise of Power for Class Interests?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 7 1. Question In Livy’s History of Rome from its Foundation, Book VII, the dictatorship appears in very different situations. In some cases, emergency authority helped Rome respond to serious crises: In other cases, the same type of extraordinary authority was used in ways that … Read more

Research Case: Why Were the Dictatorship and the Interregnum Used to Bypass the Licinian Law?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 7 1. Question In Livy’s History of Rome from its Foundation, Book VII, the Licinian Sextian law opened the consulship to plebeians. However, the law did not end political conflict over access to the consulship. Book VII describes repeated attempts to use: in ways that … Read more