A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 4 1. Question Why did the Roman Republic avoid collapse, even though it faced internal division, external threats, and social crises, by adding institutions, adjusting power, and self correcting its state OS? Rome in Book 4 of Livy’s History of Rome from its Foundation is … Read more
A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 3 1. Research Question Why did the Senate accept the resignation of the decemvirs and the election of the tribunes of the plebs? This question examines a critical moment in Livy’s History of Rome from its Foundation, Book 3. At first, the decemvirate was created … Read more
A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 3 1. Question Why did Appius wear a mask to achieve his purpose? This question examines the behavior of Appius Claudius in Livy’s History of Rome from its Foundation, Book 3, not as a simple matter of personality or evil, but from the perspective of … Read more
A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 1 1. Question Why is popular approval necessary to transform rule into the will of the community? 2. Abstract Popular approval is necessary because it is a form of consensus formation that allows the Execution Layer to accept the judgment of the governing OS. By … Read more
A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 1 1. Question Why does rule over a community require a form of approval rather than the silent obedience of the ruled? 2. Abstract Rule over a community requires a form of approval rather than the silent obedience of the ruled because silent obedience alone … Read more
A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 1 1. Question Why does an approval procedure increase distrust in rule when only its form remains and its substance is lost? 2. Abstract An approval procedure increases distrust in rule when only its form remains and its substance is lost because an approval procedure … Read more
A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 1 1. Question Why does the selection of a king require a dual structure of popular approval and senatorial approval? 2. Abstract The selection of a king requires a dual structure of popular approval and senatorial approval because Roman kingship could not secure stable legitimacy … Read more
1. Question Why is an interregnum-like system indispensable for the survival of the state, even though it is only a temporary measure to fill the vacancy of kingship? 2. Abstract An interregnum-like system is indispensable for the survival of the state because a vacancy in kingship is not merely the absence of a top leader. … Read more
A Problem Setting for Connecting Zhenguan Zhengyao to Machiavelli 1. Question In OS Organizational Design Theory, Zhenguan Zhengyao is treated as an important foundational text for the principles of politics in the preservation phase. Then how should the politics of the founding phase be treated? 2. Abstract Emperor Taizong of Tang, who became the model … Read more
The Structural Function of “Virtue” in Zhenguan Zhengyao 1. Question Can virtue be understood only as an ethical concept, or can it also be understood as a control variable that stabilizes a governance system? 2. Abstract In Zhenguan Zhengyao, Emperor Taizong considered virtue to be as necessary as talent for governance in the preservation phase. … Read more
