Research Case: Why Did the Institutionalized Rights of the Plebeians Become Political Vested Rights That the Ruling Class Could Not Easily Take Back?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 2 1. Question Why did the institutionalized rights of the plebeians become political vested rights that the ruling class could not easily take back? Livy’s History of Rome, Book II describes how the conflict between patricians and plebeians deepened in the early Roman Republic. The … Read more

Research Case: Why Was the Tribune of the Plebs Needed as a Device to Connect Plebeian Discontent to Institutional Negotiation Inside the State?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 2 1. Question Why was the Tribune of the Plebs needed as a device to connect plebeian discontent not to rebellion outside the state, but to institutional negotiation inside the state? Livy’s History of Rome, Book II describes how the conflict between patricians and plebeians … Read more

Research Case: Why Did the State Publicly Honor Personal Courage Shown by Horatius Cocles, Mucius, and Cloelia?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 2 1. Question Why did the state publicly honor personal courage shown by Horatius Cocles, Mucius Scaevola, and Cloelia? Livy’s History of Rome, Book II describes how Rome expelled the kings, established the Republic, and fought against external enemies and royal restoration forces in order … Read more

Research Case: Why Does the Public Distribution of Honor Shape Citizen Behavior Beyond Monetary Rewards?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 2 1. Question Why does the public distribution of honor have the power to shape citizen behavior beyond monetary rewards? Livy’s History of Rome, Book II describes how Rome expelled the kings, established the Republic, and fought against external enemies and royal restoration forces in … Read more

Research Case: Why Did Rome Reward a Slave Who Broke Private Loyalty and Reported Treason to the State?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 2 1. Question Why did Rome reward a slave who broke private loyalty, reported treason to the state, and then received freedom and citizenship? Livy’s History of Rome, Book II describes a conspiracy soon after the expulsion of the kings. The former royal family of … Read more

Research Case: Why Did Brutus Have to Punish Treason Even When the Traitors Were His Own Sons?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 2 1. Question Why did Brutus have to punish treason even when the traitors were his own sons? Livy’s History of Rome, Book II describes the process by which Rome expelled the kings and established the Republic. However, the Republic did not become stable simply … Read more

Research Case: Why Did Conspiracy, Betrayal, and the Temptation of Royal Restoration Appear Just after Rule by Law Was Established in Early Republican Rome?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 2 1. Question Why did conspiracy, betrayal, and the temptation of royal restoration appear just after rule by law was established in early Republican Rome? In Livy’s History of Rome, Book 2, Rome expels the kings and begins to form the Republic through the consulship, … Read more

Research Case: Why Did Rome Give the King’s Property to the Plebeians Instead of Putting It into the Treasury?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 2 1. Question Why did giving the king’s property to the plebeians for plunder, instead of putting it into the treasury, become a political process that cut off the psychological path back to kingship? In Livy’s History of Rome, Book 2, Rome expels the kings … Read more

Research Case: Why Does the Old Ruling Class Seek Restoration through Victim Consciousness and Legitimacy, Instead of Reflecting on Its Own Tyranny?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 2 1. Question Why does the old ruling class seek restoration through victim consciousness and legitimacy, instead of reflecting on its own tyranny? In Livy’s History of Rome, Book 2, Rome expels the kings and begins to form the Republic. At the same time, the … Read more

Research Case: Why Did the New Regime Fear the Symbolic Power of Names and Bloodlines More than Personal Merit?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 2 1. Question Why did the new regime fear the symbolic power of names and bloodlines connected to the old kingship more than personal merit? In Livy’s History of Rome, Book 2, Rome expels the kings and begins to form the Republic. One important point … Read more