Research Case: Why Does a Ruler Who Neglects Ritual Damage Order in the Long Run Even If He Achieves Military Success?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 1 1. Question Why does a ruler who neglects ritual damage order in the long run even if he achieves military success? 2. Abstract A ruler who neglects ritual damages order in the long run even if he achieves military success because military victory itself … Read more

Research Case: Why did the connection with divine will function not as superstition, but as a technology of governance in the ancient state?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 1 1. Question Why did the connection with divine will function not as superstition, but as a technology of governance in the ancient state? 2. Abstract The connection with divine will functioned not as superstition but as a technology of governance in the ancient state … Read more

Research Case: Why do violence and order formation proceed together in an undifferentiated way in a newly founded state?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 1 1. Question Why do violence and order formation proceed together in an undifferentiated way in a newly founded state? 2. Abstract In a newly founded state, violence and order formation proceed together in an undifferentiated way because public order has not yet been fully … Read more

Research Case: Why must the founding stage secure the minimum conditions of command, population, and legitimacy before pursuing institutional completeness?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 1 1. Question Why must the founding stage secure the minimum conditions of command, population, and legitimacy before pursuing institutional completeness? 2. Abstract In the founding stage, the minimum conditions of command, population, and legitimacy must be secured before institutional completeness, because institutions function only … Read more

Research Case: Why is the role of a founder not to preserve order first, but to bring order into being?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 1 1. Question Why is the role of a founder not to preserve order first, but to bring order into being? 2. Abstract The role of a founder is not first to preserve order, but to bring order into being, because at the founding stage … Read more