Research Case: Why did the boundaries between law, violence, custom, and emergency power keep shifting in early Republican Rome?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 4 1. Question Why did the boundaries between law, violence, custom, and emergency power keep shifting in early Republican Rome? The Roman Republic shown in Book 4 of Livy is not a finished constitutional state.It is an unfinished operating system that survives by adding institutions, … Read more

Research Case: Why Was the Emergency Dictatorship Both a Temporary Kernel That Saved the State and a Dangerous Device That Carried the Risk of Kingship?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 4 1. Question Why was the emergency dictatorship both a temporary kernel that saved the state and a dangerous device that carried the risk of kingship? The Roman Republic in Book 4 of Livy’s History of Rome from its Foundation is not a simple state … Read more

Research Case: Why Was Emergency Power Necessary in a National Crisis Even Though It Could Threaten Liberty?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 3 1. Research Question Why was emergency power necessary in a national crisis, even though it could threaten liberty? This question examines emergency authority in Livy’s History of Rome from its Foundation, Book 3. It focuses on the dictator, emergency control based on an oath, … Read more