Research Case: Why did a free citizen face the danger of being enslaved by the judgment of a powerful official?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 3 1. Question Why did a free citizen face the danger of being enslaved by the judgment of a powerful official? This question examines the institutional meaning of the Verginia incident in Livy’s History of Rome from its Foundation, Book 3. The issue in the … Read more

Research Case: Why did justice become a device that legalized Appius’ private desire?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 3 1. Question Why did justice become a device that legalized Appius’ private desire? This question examines the institutional meaning of the Verginia incident in the latter part of Livy’s History of Rome from its Foundation, Book 3. In the Verginia incident, law and courts … Read more

Research Case: Why was the Verginia incident not merely a private crime, but a sign of the collapse of the governing OS?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 3 1. Question Why was the Verginia incident not merely a private crime, but a sign of the collapse of the governing OS? This question examines the core meaning of the latter part of Livy’s History of Rome from its Foundation, Book 3. At first … Read more

Research Case: Why could Rome realize struggle through discussion inside institutions, instead of struggle through force?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 3 1. Question Why could Rome realize struggle through discussion inside institutions, instead of struggle through force? This question examines the institutional meaning of Livy’s History of Rome from its Foundation, Book 3. In the Roman Republic, the conflict between the patricians and the plebeians … Read more

Research Case: Why did the tribunes sometimes remain silent about problems on the plebeian side?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 3 1. Question Why did the tribunes sometimes remain silent about problems on the plebeian side? This question examines the limits of tribunician power in Livy’s History of Rome from its Foundation, Book 3. The tribunate was an institution created to protect the plebeians. Against … Read more

Research Case: Why did the tribunes prioritize resistance against the patricians even during a state crisis?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 3 1. Question Why did the tribunes prioritize resistance against the patricians even during a state crisis? This question examines the institutional conflict between the tribunes and the patrician side in the first half of Livy’s History of Rome from its Foundation, Book 3. When … Read more

Research Case: Why did Fabius try to persuade the other tribunes instead of Terentilius himself?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 3 1. Question Why did Fabius try to persuade the other tribunes instead of Terentilius himself? This question examines the political exchange between the patrician side and the tribunician side in the first half of Livy’s History of Rome from its Foundation, Book 3. Terentilius … Read more

Research Case: Why did the tribunes see the absence of both consuls as an opportunity for action?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 3 1. Question Why did the tribunes see the absence of both consuls as an opportunity for action? This question examines the institutional conflict between the tribunes and the consuls in the first half of Livy’s History of Rome from its Foundation, Book 3. At … Read more

Research Case: Why could tribunician power become an obstacle to state crisis response, even though it was a device for protecting the plebeians?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 3 1. Question Why could tribunician power become an obstacle to state crisis response, even though it was a device for protecting the plebeians? This question examines the two sided nature of tribunician power in Livy’s History of Rome from its Foundation, Book 3. Tribunician … Read more

Research Case: Why was Roman freedom protected by the right of appeal and tribunician power?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 3 1. Question Why was Roman freedom protected by the right of appeal and tribunician power? This question concerns the institutional conclusion of Livy’s History of Rome from its Foundation, Book 3. In the Roman Republic, freedom did not mean a condition without power. Rome … Read more