Research Case: Why Does a Gentle Leader Become an Object of Distrust among the Plebeians When He Avoids Institutional Decisions?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 2 1. Question Why does a gentle leader become an object of distrust among the plebeians when he avoids institutional decisions? In Livy’s History of Rome, Book 2, early Republican Rome faces serious problems over debt, military service, and the protection of the plebeians. In … Read more

Research Case: Why Is It More Stable to Bring Public Dissatisfaction Back into Order through Persuasion Concession and Institutionalization than through Forceful Suppression?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 2 1. Question Why is it more stable to bring public dissatisfaction back into order through persuasion, concession, and institutionalization than through forceful suppression? In Livy’s History of Rome, Book 2, the conflict between the patricians and the plebeians deepens in early Republican Rome. The … Read more

Research Case: Why Did Rome Return to Internal Conflict over Debt Military Service and Land after the External Enemy Disappeared?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 2 1. Question Why did Rome return to internal conflict over debt, military service, and land after the external enemy disappeared? In Livy’s History of Rome, Book 2, Rome expels the kings and forms the Republic. After that, Rome repeatedly faces external invasions and internal … Read more

Research Case: Why Did the Senate Maintain Trust through Life Support and Burden Adjustment Instead of Oppressing the Plebeians during an External Invasion?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 2 1. Question Why did the Senate maintain trust in the state through life support and burden adjustment instead of oppressing the plebeians during an external invasion? In Livy’s History of Rome, Book 2, Rome expels the kings and begins to form the Republic. Soon … Read more

Research Case: Why Does Political Agitation Easily Connect with Personal Ambition and Power Struggle while Pretending to Defend Freedom?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 2 1. Question Why does political agitation easily connect with personal ambition and power struggle while pretending to defend freedom? In Livy’s History of Rome, Book 2, Rome expels the kings and begins to form the Republic. In early Republican Rome, “freedom” was one of … Read more

Research Case: Why Must a State Watch Internal Dissatisfied Groups before External Enemies?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 2 1. Question Why must a state watch internal dissatisfied groups, supporters of the old regime, and people who lost privileges before it watches external enemies? In Livy’s History of Rome, Book 2, Rome expels the kings and begins to form the Republic. At the … Read more

Research Case: Why Did Equality under Law Feel Like Loss of Freedom to the Old Privileged Class?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 2 1. Question Why did equality under law feel not like freedom, but like the loss of discretion and favor, to the old privileged class? In Livy’s History of Rome, Book 2, Rome expels the kings and begins to form the Republic. Royal power is … Read more

Research Case: Why Did Conspiracy, Betrayal, and the Temptation of Royal Restoration Appear Just after Rule by Law Was Established in Early Republican Rome?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 2 1. Question Why did conspiracy, betrayal, and the temptation of royal restoration appear just after rule by law was established in early Republican Rome? In Livy’s History of Rome, Book 2, Rome expels the kings and begins to form the Republic through the consulship, … Read more

Research Case: Why Did Rome Give the King’s Property to the Plebeians Instead of Putting It into the Treasury?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 2 1. Question Why did giving the king’s property to the plebeians for plunder, instead of putting it into the treasury, become a political process that cut off the psychological path back to kingship? In Livy’s History of Rome, Book 2, Rome expels the kings … Read more

Research Case: Why Does the Old Ruling Class Seek Restoration through Victim Consciousness and Legitimacy, Instead of Reflecting on Its Own Tyranny?

A Three-Layer Analysis (TLA) of Livy, History of Rome, Book 2 1. Question Why does the old ruling class seek restoration through victim consciousness and legitimacy, instead of reflecting on its own tyranny? In Livy’s History of Rome, Book 2, Rome expels the kings and begins to form the Republic. At the same time, the … Read more